formal instruction
【正确答案】：Formal-instruction occurs in classrooms when attempts are made to raise learners' consciousness about the nature of target language rules in order to aid learning. Generally speaking, formal instruction aids second language acquisition. (P271)
【解析】为了方便学习,而有必要提高学习者对目的语规则的本质的自觉性的时候,正规教学便在教室里应运而生了。关于对正规教学的效果方面的研究,其结果五花八门,但是总的来说都支持这样一个论点:即教学有助于SLA
