Academic dishonesty in all levels of education has been a hotly debated topic in the previous decade. Students cheat in examinations and papers; even some famous professors cheat in their academic works. What do you think are the major causes of academic dishonesty? Write an essay of about 300 words expressing your views with the title given,What Has Caused Academic Dishonesty?
【正确答案】：What Has Caused Academic Dishonesty?Academic dishonesty has become one of the most serious problems in educational circles.If you look up an academic paper on some particular topic with a search engine, the results may turn out to be astonishing for their similarity. Many educators and scientists have been found to cheat in their academic works. As a college student, I believe that the problem is induced by two major factors.First and foremost, academic achievements have become the primary standards forPromotion or s1ary raise. Many academic professionals have been forced to cheat by the desire for a higher title of a technical post or a more comfortable life. Some universities also require their staff or students to make certain quantified amounts of achievements, such as papers or works, to get a post or to graduate. This has led to a dilemma: universities need academic achievements in order to be competitive. However, dishonesty is sometimes forced by such requirements and will definitely do harm to the reputation of universities.Second, the current penalties for academic dishonesty arc still too tolerant. Unless there are serious consequences from the dishonesty, cheating is seldom punished. To pursue the largest benefits at the lowest costs is one of the basic instincts of human beings. Thus, high return and low risk have encouraged the occurrence of academic dishonesty and damaged the interests of the owners of real academic achievements. Many people participate in academic dishonesty for better living conditions and social status. And these successful examples will be followed by more people and the consequences will be more severe.All in all, academic dishonesty in China has become so serious that we cannot ignore it. Many factors have contributed to this phenomenon and we have to take measures to solve this problem right away.【评分标准】本部分满分60分，按（A）较高要求和（B）基本要求按档次给分。本部分分值不得出现0.5分；作文中的拼写错误可以每四个扣1分，但不重复扣分。
