Passage 2
The term market and marketing can have several meenings depending upon how they are used. The term stock market refers to the buying and selling of shares in corporations as well as other activities related to stock trading and pricing. Another type of market is a grocery market, which is a place where people purchase food. When economists use the word market they mean sct of forces or conditions that determine the price of a product, such as the supply available for sale and the demand for it by consumers. The term marketing in business ineludes all of these meanings, and more.
In the past, the concept of marketing emphasized sales.The manufacturer made a product he wanted to sell. Marketing was the task of figuring out how to sell the product.Basically, selting the product would be accomplishec by sales promotion, which included advertising and personal seiling. In addition to sales promotion, marketing also involved the physical distribution of the product to the places where it was actuaily sold. Distribution consisted of transportation, storage, and related services such as financing, standardization and grading, and the related risks.
The modern marketing concepr inctudes all of the activities mentioned, but it is bascd on a different set of principles. It suggests that production can be economically justificd only by consumption. In other words, goods should be produced only if they can be sold. Therefore, the producer shouid consider who is going to buy the product or what the market for the product is-before production begins.
Marketing now involves first deciding what the customer wants, and designing and producing a product that satisfies these wants at a profit to the company. Instead of concentrating solely on production, the company must consider the desires of the consumer, and this is much more difficult since it involves human behavior. Production, on the other hand, is mostly an engineering problem.
Because products are often marketed internationall, distribution has increased in importance. Goods must be at the piace where the customer needs them and must be brought there. This is known as place utility; it adds value to a produet. However, many markets are separated from the place of production which means that often both rew materials and finished products must be transported to the points where they are needed.
Modern marketing is therefore a coordinated system of many business activities, but basically it involves four things: 1.selling the correct product at the proper place; 2.selling it at a price determined by demand; 3. satisfying a customer's needs and wants; and 4. producing profit for the economy.
50.Modern marketing is much more than making product and thinking about how to sell it.
A、True
B、False
【正确答案】：A
【名师解析】:根据文章内容，现代营销不仅仅是制造产品和考虑如何销售它。文章中提到，现代营销基于一系列不同的原理，它建议生产只有在消费的情况下才能经济上合理化，即只有在商品可以被销售的情况下才应该生产。因此，生产者在生产开始之前应该考虑谁会购买产品或产品的目标市场是什么。此外，现代营销还涉及到首先决定顾客想要什么，然后设计和生产能够满足这些需求并为公司带来利润的产品。这表明现代营销包括了对消费者需求的考虑，而不仅仅是生产和销售。因此，选项A "True" 是正确的。
