Passage 2A famous cliche maintains that "the business of business is business". The business of business is not government, charity, or social welfare. Nor, the cliche implies, is its morality But what does "the business of business is business" mean? To get some perspective on the question, we must look beyond our own society. What we find is this? what is considered to be business and its business varies from society to society. In Japan, the business of large corporations is not only to produce goods but to care for the firm's employees — in effect, to guarantee them lifetime employment. Paternalism is thus part of the business of business in Japan, in a way that it is not in the United States. In the former Soviet Union, private ownership of the means of production, that is, of companies and factories, was prohibited by law. Nevertheless, there were in Russia factories, offices, stores, and goods. But business there was a state affair, not a private affair. What constitutes business varies from society to society. The question of what business per se is, and what its proper concern is, is a social question, one that must be answered in a social context.In the United States, the mandate to business was initially rather simple. People wanted goods to be as plentiful, as good, and as cheap as possible. Those interested in producing them were given relatively free rein under competitive conditions. Some businesses succeeded and grew? others failed. As problems developed, regulations were introduced by law. These laws regulated working conditions, protected children, prevented monopolistic practices, and preserved the environment. The regulations frequently represented the moral concerns of the American people. The business of business was, and is, decided by the people of each society. What practices are or are not to be tolerated are not eternal givens, nor are the determinations of what is or is not acceptable to a society. To some extent, the mandate to business also sets the limits to its proper activity, and to what is not socially tolerable. The limits are not set by business or by those who run business, even though some of them act as if they were. The limits imposed on business and the demands made upon business by society are frequently moral ones. A business may ignore the moral demands of an individual, but it can hardly ignore the moral demands of a whole society, because it is both part of that society and dependent on it, even though it serves society.There is increasing evidence that the mandate to business in the United States is changing and that businesses are increasingly expected to weigh more than financial factors in their actions. What the business of business is, in fact, is itself a moral decision, and one that is socially made and implemented. Insofar as business is a part of society, it rightfully has a voice in arriving at the social determination of what its business is.
According to the first paragraph, we know that ______。
A、paternalism is practiced in Japan but not in the United States
B、in the former Soviet Union, wealthy people could be allowed by law to own companies or factories
C、paternalism refers to the fact that a firm guarantees its employees' lifetime employment
D、Both A and C.
【正确答案】：D
【名师解析】:根据第一段的内容，我们可以了解到，在日本，大公司的业务不仅仅是生产商品，还包括照顾公司的员工，实际上就是保证他们的终身雇佣。这种家长式管理在日本是商业的一部分，而在美国则不是。此外，第一段还提到了家长式管理指的是公司保证员工终身雇佣的事实。因此，选项A和C都是正确的。选项B提到了前苏联的情况，但与题目要求的第一段内容不符，因此不正确。所以答案是D，即A和C都是正确的。
