Questions and Answers: Give brief answers to each of the following questions in EnglishNovum Organum, along with other works, won the author the honor "Father of modern science." What is the name of the author? What is the main concern
Questions and Answers: Give brief answers to each of the following questions in EnglishNovum Organum, along with other works, won the author the honor "Father of modern science." What is the name of the author? What is the main concern of this work? Why is the work so important for the development of modern science?
【正确答案】:

A. FRANCIS BACON
    NOVUM ORGANUM IS A TREATISE ON METHODOLOGY. 

B.THE ARGUMENT, IS FOR THE USE OF INDUCTIVE METHOD OF REASONING IN SCIENTIFIC STUDY,
C.BACON EXPOUNDS THE FOUR GREAT FALSE CONCEIVINGS THAT BESET MEN' S MIND AND PREVENT THEM FROM SEEKING THE TRUTH.
D.HE ADVOCATES THE INDUCTIVE REASONING IN PLACE OF THE DEDUCTIVE REASONING.
E.BY PUTTING FORWARD THIS THEORY, BACON SHOWS THE NEW EMPIRICAL ATTITUDES TOWARD TRUTH ABOUT NATURE.
F.HE BRAVELY CHALLENGES THE MEDIEVAL SCHOLASTICISTS.


【题目解析】:本题考查培根的作品《新工具》的主要内容以及社会地位的原因。作答时可从作品的内容、主题、特点、社会影响等几个角度入手。弗朗西斯·培根的《新工具》是一部关于方法论的专著。论点是为了在科学研究中使用归纳推理法。培根阐述了困扰人们心灵,阻止他们寻求真理的四大错误构想。他主张用归纳推理代替演绎推理。培根通过提出这一理论,展示了对自然真理的新的经验态度。他勇敢地挑战了中世纪的经院哲学家。
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