（ ）is not the narrowing of word-meaning.
A、Some phrases are shortened and only one element of the original is left to retain the meaning of the whole.
B、Material nouns are used to refer to objects made of them.
C、A word of abstract meaning is used as a concrete meaning.
D、A common word is turned into a specific word.
【正确答案】：C
【题目解析】：本题考查词义的缩小的含义。词义的缩小也称词义的具体化，与词义的扩大相反。这是意义范围较大的词向意义范围较小的方向演变的过程。换句话说，以前意义较广的词在当代英语中变成了意义有限的词。普通名同转化为专有名词时，词义随之缩小。选项D正确。有时为了简洁，有些词组只留下一部分（往往是形容词）来表示整个词组的意思，这些形容词也就包含了特有的意思，选项A正确。物质名词也有同样的情况，选项B正确。C选项中抽象名词转化为具体名词属于词义的转移，而不属于词义的缩小。所以本题选C。
