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Analyze and comment on the following.Compare the following pair of sentences and discuss how the sense relation of hyponymy is helpful in productive processing of language.
(1)I met a writer who is the relation of a politician.
(2)I met a newspaper reporter who is the brother of Senator Buckley.
【正确答案】：

IN PRODUCTION, KNOWING THE SEMANTIC FEATURES OF THE HYPONYMS AND THEIR SUPERORDINATES CAN HELP US ACHIEVE VIVIDNESS, EXACTNESS, AND CONCRETENESS.


IT IS NOT TOO DIFFICULT TO JUDGE THAT SENTENCE (2) IS BETTER THAN (1), BECAUSE IN (2) THE WRITER USES SUBORDINATES, NEWSPAPER REPORTER, BROTHER, AND SENATOR BUCKLEY, WHICH ARE CONCRETE AND PRECISE, PRESENTING A VIVID VERBAL PICTURE BEFORE THE READER, WHEREAS IN (1) THE WORDS USED ARE SUPERORDINATES, WRITER, RELATION AND POLITICIAN, WHICH CONVEY ONLY A GENERAL AND VAGUE IDEA.

【题目解析】：本题考查上下义关系。题干让比较以下两组句子，讨论上下义关系如何有助于语言的产出性加工。在生成过程中，了解下位词及其上位词的语义特征，有助于生动、准确、具体。判断句子(2)优于句子(1)并不难，因为在(2)中作者使用了下义词（subordinates）、报纸记者（newspaper reporter）、兄弟（brother）和参议员巴克利（Senator Buckley），这些词语具体而精确，在读者面前呈现了一幅生动的文字画面，而在(1)中使用的词语是（上义词）、作者、关系和政治家，这些词语只传达了一个笼统而模糊的概念。