【正确答案】：
1. DIACHRONIC APPROACH
FROM THE DIACHRONIC POINT OF VIEW, POLYSEMY IS ASSUMED TO BE THE RESULT OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SEMANTIC STRUCTURE OF ONE AND SAME WORD. WHEN A WORD WAS FIRST CREATED, IT WAS ENDOWED WITH ONLY ONE MEANING, I.E. PRIMARY MENAING. LATER ON, THIS WORD TOOK ON MORE AND MORE MEANINGS, I.E. DERIVED MEANINGS. 
2. SYNCHRONIC APPROACH
POLYSEMY IS VIEWED AS THE COEXISTENCE OF VARIOUS MEANINGS OF THE SAME WORD IN A CERTAIN HISTORICAL PERIOD OF TIME. IN THIS WAY, THE BASIC MEANING OF A WORD IS THE CORE, I.E. CENTRAL MEANING. THE DERIVED MEANINGS SECONDARY IN COMPARISON. 
【题目解析】：多义关系的两个研究方法分别是历时方法 (Diachronic approach)和共时方法 (Synchronic approach)。1. 从历时的角度来看，一词多义被认为是同一个词的语义结构增长和发展的结果。当这个词被创造出来时，它只被赋予了一个意义，这就是所谓的初等意义。随着时间和语言的发展，如果出现越来越多的意义，这就称为衍生意义。2. 从共时性的角度来看，一词多义是指同一个词在一定历史时期的各种含义并存。这样，一个词的基本意思就是核心，即中心意思。在比较中衍生出的意义是次要的。