Do you ever feel like there just isn't enough time in the day? Do you spend your days in lots of activities, only to find you've not done as much as you thought you would? And how come some people just seem to get so much done in the same period of time? In every aspect of life,we find that the highest achicvers manage their time particularly well.And while it may seem like we are all working,there's a difference between being busy and being effective, and good time management is what makes that difference.
But how did the concept of time management evolve,and what are the broad principles by which we try to define it?The 19th century saw the rise of the industrial revolution and the development of moder technologics like the telegraph,railroad,and postal service.These new developments depended on precision clocks and standardized work hours.If time management had always been needed,now it was official.
So there was now a dependency on precision，with time being an allocation（分配）of alarms, time cards, schedules and standardized rates.As factories grew and productivity became a universal target,time management gave rise to the need for quotas.It often determined the weekly salary, and could even standardize the methods of production.The principles of business profit and loss now involved the management of time.
Throughout history,different individuals have been recognized for their contributions towards today's concept of time management. Catharine Beecher, in her 1847 book A Treatise on Domestic Economy,dealt with creating a more efficient household management by using time more productively.Frederick Winslow Taylor proposed in his 1909 paper The Principles of Scientific Management that it was more efficient tooptimize how work was performed than to force employees to work as hard as they could-an early case of the "work smart" philosophy.Stephen R.Covey focused on doing what's most important rather than allowing yourself to get buried in smaller tasks.
Today you'll find hundreds of strategies,electronic and paper tools,and theories about how to better multi-task to fit all you want to accomplish into your day. In the past few decades,the main approach of time management has been on preparing schedules and setting goals based on a defined time frame. The modern approach still usesthese techniques,but now the focus can often be more on prioritizing tasks based on their importance and on controlling inputs and distractions to stay on track.
Which of the following was produced by Catharine Beecher?
A、The Principles of Scientific Management.
B、A Treatise on Domestic Economy.
C、The“work smart"philosophy.
D、The"Time Saving" approach.
【正确答案】：B
