Passage 1
Analysis and forecast of China's export situation in 1998
In term of export policy environments in 1998, the reform of China's foreign trade mechanism required by the socialist market economy will progress with new changes in the administrative functions of the government. By means of support and preferential policies, the state will encourage the development of backbone industries that display strong competitiveness in intemational market hi-tech industries and capital-intensive industries. Policies that encourage exports will be further implemented. Under these premises, the state will adjust export policies in line with its macroeconomic development program New foreign trade policies are beginning to play active roles. They have raised tax rebates of textiles and will continue the effort to bring about a zero-rate terminally so as to reduce export costs.
The policy environments in 1998 will work to foster growth in exports. International and domestic markets are revealing the following favorable factors. First, importing countries are continuing to raise demand for Chinese products. Second, domestic production capacity has been upgraded although domestic investment and consumption are still limited. Third, inflation was kept under control in 1997. However the intemnational market has given rise to some negative impacts on China's exports. The financial crisis that shock South-east Asia in 1997 has caused many nations to devaluate their currencies. This has led to new level of competition within the region.The devaluation of the Yen has burt Chinese exports to Japan. A large share of the processing and assembling activities in China and around East Asia will be seriously affected by the currency devaluation. The financial turmoil has had a massive impact on many sectors of the economy.
Yen is Japanese currency.
A、正确
B、错误
【正确答案】：A
【名师解析】:根据1998年的中国出口形势分析与预测的段落，中国政府为了推动社会主义市场经济体制下的外贸机制改革，将通过支持和优惠政策鼓励具有国际市场竞争力的支柱产业、高科技产业和资本密集型产业的发展。此外，国家将进一步实施鼓励出口的政策，并根据宏观经济发展计划调整出口政策，例如提高纺织品的出口退税率，并努力实现零税率，以降低出口成本。
国际和国内市场显示出一些有利因素，包括进口国对中国产品需求的持续增长，国内生产能力的提升，以及1997年通货膨胀的控制。然而，国际市场也对中国出口产生了一些负面影响。1997年东南亚金融危机导致许多国家货币贬值，这增加了区域内部的竞争。日元贬值对中国对日本的出口造成了损害，中国和东亚地区的加工和组装活动受到货币贬值的严重影响，金融动荡对经济的多个部门产生了巨大影响。
题目中提到的"Yen"是日本的货币。根据这些信息，选项A"正确"是正确的，因为题目内容正确地描述了1998年中国出口形势的分析和预测，以及政策环境、市场因素和国际金融危机对中国出口的影响。
