As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and integrated circuit of the 1960s to the internet infrastructure and applications software of the 1990s. The link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shops around the university. (from Newsweek, Aug. 22, 2006)
【正确答案】：由于其强大的科技力量，美国在几个主要新科技领域的商业化方面一直走在世界前列，从20世纪60年代的计算主机和集成电路到20世纪90年代的互联网基础设施和应用软件，都是如此。以高校为基地的科研和工业应用之间的联系往往是间接的，但有时却非常明显：硅谷就是斯坦福大学刻意创建的，而坐落在波士顿城外的128号公路两侧的那些公司都是从麻省理工学院和哈佛大学分离出来的。世界各国政府都曾鼓励效仿这种模式，其中英国剑桥或许是最成功的。在那里，微软公司以及许多其他著名软件公司和生物科技公司已经在剑桥大学周围建立了办事机构。（选自天津大学出版社《大学英语阅读指南》，2011，孟庆生 译）
